IPS Full Form Name: IPS Meaning
Full Form of IPS :
Indian Police Service
IPS Full Form is Indian
Police Service. IPS is basically concerned with the governance and
maintenance of law and order of the country. This is one of the most
prestigious and most responsible positions in India. An individual who has
qualified and appointed as IPS officer is supposed to work for the State as
well as Central Government. The primary responsibility of this officer is the
security and safety of the public. Some of the other responsibilities include;
crime detection and prevention, accident prevention, traffic control, and at
times heading the vigilance services, etc.
IPS Full Form: Important Information
Every government in this world
requires an effective, responsive, and capable administrative framework that
will be able to tactfully and swiftly manage cumbersome administrative affairs
of the country. Such a framework is essential in ever-expansive governmental
affairs and provides for a systematic division of functions within the
governmental structure.
Thus, bureaucracy provides a
system comprising intelligent individuals, who have made it through some of the
toughest examinations designed to test them on various indicators. In India,
bureaucracy is particularly important, considering the complex quasi-federal
structure, population, geographical areas, and other relevant factors that put
immense pressure on the central administrative system to undertake important
public policy implementation without many hassles.
This is, however; only possible
if there are officials in different rungs of the administrative set-up.
Therefore, we need bureaucrats and that capable and hard working ones. Civil
Services Examination is conducted by the Union Public Services Commission,
which is the central authority, every year. The Union Public Services
Commission is the country’s central authority responsible for the conduct of
several all India level examinations to recruit selected candidates in
prestigious governmental positions. Some of the examinations it conducts are
Civil Services Examination, Indian Forest Examination, Indian Police Service
Examination, Special Class railway Apprentice Examination, Naval Academy
Examination, National Defence Academy Examination, Engineering Services Examination,
etc.
All these examinations are
considered some of the toughest entrance examinations in the country. For the
purpose of this article, Indian Police Service (IPS) is the subject of
discussion. The Indian Police Service is one of the three all India Services of
the government of India. Candidates have to sit for and qualify the Civil
Services Examination in order to secure prestigious administrative positions in
the central government and state governments. IPS superseded the colonial
Imperial Police Service in the year 194, after the declaration of Independence.
IPS is not a mere administrative service but has many defining factors that
must be known. Therefore, the following paragraphs will highlight the history,
technicalities, functions, and other relevant information about it.
History of IPS:
Like most of the administrative
services in the country, IPS had its beginning in the colonial era. During the
British rule, it was known as the Imperial Police Service, in which the
Secretary of State was authorized to appoint senior police officials on the
basis of their performance in the competitive examination. The first
examination for the recruitment of senior police officials was conducted in
England in the year 1893 in which top ten performers were appointed in senior
positions in the Indian Imperial Police Service.
The officers were directed to
wear the letters ‘IP’ that signified Imperial Police and helped distinguish
them from officers not selected through the examination. Eventually, the
Imperial Police Service was replaced by the Indian Police Service in the
following the year of the declaration of Independence.
Objective behind establishment of IPS:
In the colonial period, the IPS
was established with the purpose of implementing a police system in the country
and regulating the affairs pertaining to the enforcement of law and order. The
same was highlighted in the First Police Commission, which laid down guidelines
for the effective functioning of the police system in India.
The same remains the essence of
Indian Police Service. It must be noted that IPS is not a force but recruits
officials that would command state police and all-India Central Armed Police
Forces. The members of the IPS are senior officials, who have been trained to
command police forces.
Some of the
functions that IPS officers perform are:
§ To ensure maintenance of public peace, law and order, crime
prevention, and collection of intelligence. Basically, the task is to undertake
all those activities that are essential for the maintenance of law and order.
§ IPS officers are leading officials in Intelligence agencies like
RAW (expanded as Research and Analysis Wing), IB (expanded as Intelligence
Bureau), CBI (expanded as Central Bureau of Investigation), etc.
§ IPS officials are commanding officers in state police forces and
Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF). CAPF talks about different categories of
police forces namely, BSF (expanded as Border Security Force), NSG (expanded as
National Security Guard) , CISF (expanded as Central Industrial Security
Force), CRPF (expanded as Central Reserve Police Force), and other law
enforcement agencies.
§ Many IPS officials occupy top-notch positions in key government
ministries and contribute in policy-making. They often head Public Sector
Undertakings at both Central and State levels.
§ To establish consistent and comprehensive dialogue with other
all India services. It is required from them to communicate routinely with the
Indian Revenue Service, and Indian Armed Forces. This helps to collect and
build up a strong database about various affairs of the country.
§ The rules for IPS provide that IPS officials should try to
inculcate positive attributes in the police forces in their command. They
should bolster their courage, determination, and zeal to protect and preserve
the peace of the society.
§ To undertake steps for the ensuring justice and protecting human
rights.
Selection process in IPS:
The selection process is rigorous
and tough. IPS officers are often recruited from the state cadres and from
among the candidates of the Civil Services Examination who have successfully
achieved the minimum marks requirement.
The Civil Services Examination is
a three-level process. The first level is the written examination that is
patterned on objective questions whose qualification is the first requirement.
The paper comprises General Studies and aptitude questions. Following this
examination is the Main Examination, which only those candidates who have
cleared the first level will be allowed to give. The last level is the
interview, whose objective is to test the candidate on various performance
indicators.
When a candidate successfully
passes all the aforementioned three levels, he is allotted a cadre. Every
Indian state has a cadre but there are three also joint cadres namely,
Assam-Meghalaya, Manipur-Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh-Goa-Mizoram-Union
Territories. Of all the members of the cadre, two-thirds are filled by the IPS
officials and the remnants are filled by the cadre officers who have been
promoted.
Designations of IPS officers:
The pay scale varies with the
ranks of the IPS officials in state and central government departments. The
following paragraph deals with the pay scale of state IPS officers:
§ Above Super Time Scale officers are those officers who have
worked as IPS officers for about 30 years. These officers occupy top-notch
positions like that of Director of the Intelligence Bureau or Central Bureau of
India; State Commissioner of Police.
§ There is another category of Above Super Time Scale officers,
who have spent about 25 years in IPS cadres. These officers join the ranks of
Special Commissioner of Police.
§ Super Time Scale officers are those officers, who have been in
IPS cadres for 18 years. These officers hold the position of Joint Commissioner
of Police
§ Junior Administrative Grade officers have given about 9 years of
service in IPS cadres and hold positions of Deputy Commissioner of Police.
§ Junior Time Scale officers are on the lowest rung of the
structure. These are fresh IPS officers, who hold positions of Assistant
Commissioner of Police.
Every designation has its own
separate set of benefits. These benefits are conferred upon the officials on
the basis of several considerations, for example, their tenure of service and
rank. Take, for example, the grade pay of officers will vary from one officer
to another, depending on the rank.
Every designation will carry its
own distinct insignia, for example, the Director of Intelligence Bureau will
carry an insignia, having National Emblem above One Star that is above Crossed
Swords and Baton; Joint Commissioners of Police’s insignia has National Emblem
above Crossed Sword and Baton on it; Additional Commissioners of Police or
Deputy Inspectors for Generals of Police will wear an insignia carrying the
National Emblem above three stars in a Triangle, Assistant Superintendent of
Police carry a two stars insignia; Additional Deputy Commissioner of Police
or Additional Superintendent of Police (probationary rank on 2nd
year of service) carry an insignia having the National Emblem on it;
Supreme Court’s intervention in IPS matters:
Overhauling of the entire police
force’s administrative framework was highlighted in the Supreme Court, when a
former DGP of the Assam and Uttar Pradesh, Prakash Singh initiated a Public
Interest Litigation in the year 1996. He moved the court, seeking court’s
intervention in the reformation of police forces in the country. The Supreme
Court delivered an order, directing state governments to implement certain
reforms in police forces.
Of the many reforms identified by
the Supreme Court, regularization of the transfer process and separation of
departments for the investigating and patrolling wings etc were some of them.
The court also suggested the establishment of a State Security Commission,
which shall help in effective implementation of policies; a Police
Establishment Board, which shall be tasked with the functions relating to
selection and promotion of officials; and a Police Complaints Authority, which
shall inquire into complaints of alleged police misbehavior and abuse of power.
Sadly, the state governments
showed laxity in the swift implementation of the reforms in the police force
and the Supreme Court took cognizance of this failure in the year 2006. The
Supreme Court rebuked the failure of the state government to respect the Apex
Court’s decision and mandated submission of a report, stating why the
identified reforms were not implemented in the police forces after all these
years.
The Supreme Court’s reprobation
caused many state governments to begin implementation process, with the state
of Tamil Nadu being a front-runner in this regard. Yet again in 2002, the
Supreme Court questioned the slowdown in the application of the reforms and
mandated submission of the report in this regard.
IPS Full Form :
In-Plane Switching display technology
This is mainly used for LCD
screens and was developed to overcome the twisted effect of the nematic field.
It gained its popularity when Apple introduced iPad with IPS design. IPS offers
high-quality color reproduction and great viewing angles than the conventional
displays.