ISIS Full Form Name
Full
Form of ISIS:
Islamic
State of Iraq and Syria
ISIS
Full Form is Islamic State of Iraq and
Syria. It is also known as Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. ISIS
is a militant group which follows the ideology of radical Islam or Islamic
fundamentalism. While the world has started to cringe at the thought of being
overpowered by communal, international hazardous politics, the rise of
terrorist outfits has given way to even more dangerous atmosphere that all
civilized countries can only collectively overpower.
The
need for amicable compromises and collective initiatives in this respect are
extremely crucial, especially when the radical Islamic outfit, ISIS or ISIL, is
witnessing a surge in its followers and powers. With the death of the Al-Qaeda
leader, Osama Bin Laden, many prayed for a more secure world and imagined
dwindling powers of the remaining terrorist organizations.
This,
however, did not happen, as the world had to apprise itself of the unfortunate
fact that another radical organization has risen, unmatched in its power,
resources, and followers, who are willing to give up their lives over imaginary
promises presented to them. ISIS has become an international menace that has
transcended national boundaries of Iraq and Syria and penetrated the borders of
other countries.
What
is interestingly different about ISIS is its phenomenal rise. It was only in
recent three-four years that ISIS has become a major media sensation and a
serious concern for world leaders. While traditional terrorist outfits have
confined their operations to certain territorial limits or have failed to cross
beyond particular borders, ISIS has managed to cause every nook of the world to
grapple with the issue of terrorism. Recent killings of two Japanese captives
in the ISIS stronghold shocked Japan, which has not been affected by Islamic
terrorism.
Another
intriguing aspect of ISIS is its methods of propaganda. The methods of
indoctrination adopted are surprisingly modern and technologically friendly.
The organization has recruited persons to handle the task of promotion of its
ideologies through popular internet platforms like Twitter, Whatsapp, Facebook,
etc that have caused ease in access to even the remotest areas of the globe.
The amount of influx of indoctrinated individuals into Syria and other areas in
ISIS control is the proof of the effect.
All
of the above mentioned is not enough to truly understand the rise of ISIS. It
is important to explore its past, its present and possible effects in future.
For that purpose, there are ten things one must know about ISIS first. Let us
explore more about Full Form of ISIS.
History
of ISIS:
ISIS
did not come up in one day. There is a long, brutal history, which has lead to
the institutionalization of this outfit. History will tell a lot about this
organization, which has undertaken a drive to kill, slaughter, rape and
indoctrinate. ISIS was actually founded way before than one can imagine.
Founded in 1999 by Jordanian radical Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, ISIS was known
by a different name: Jamāʻat al-Tawḥīd wa-al-Jihād, which literally translates
into “The Organization of Monotheism and Jihad”.
During
the invasion of Iraq in 2004, the group was an active participant in the
insurgency. The group is said to have pledged loyalty to the most wanted person
in the world, Osama Bin Laden and carried out ambushes on American soldiers,
officials, embassies, etc. However, it was only after the death of Zarqawi that
the world saw the building up of a more radical organization, ISIS. ISIS came
to prominence when Abu Omar al-Baghdadi took over the organization as its emir.
Eventually, the organization declared itself to be a worldwide caliphate, with
Baghdadi named as its Caliph. During that occasion, the group was renamed as
Islamic State.
Ideologies
of the outfit ISIS:
Every
organization is founded upon certain beliefs and ideologies. Based on these
ideologies, the organization undertakes actions to further these ideologies.
However, sometimes these ideologies might pose a danger to societal tranquility
and aspirations of people. This is what the extremely radical ideologies of the
ISIS have done to the people of Syria, Iraq and the world. Claiming to have
acquired complete authority over Muslims across the world, it has maligned the
sacred institution of Islam by distorting its principles to suit their taste.
ISIS
is technically a Salafi group that observes strict interpretation of Islamic
tenets and vouches for violence to achieve such interpretation. The group sees
those Muslims as infidels, who do not observe Islam the way they do. It
strictly follows the notions of Jihad and very closely follows the hard-line
Al-Qaeda ideologies. However, ISIS’s adherence to apocalypticism provides a
major distinction from other Islamic groups.
Purpose
ISIS wants to achieve:
ISIS
is a Sunni organization that aspires to bring all the Muslims across the globe
under its authority. It believes that Baghdadi is the rightful successor of
Prophet Mohammed and therefore, exercises unchallengeable authority over
Muslims. It wants to spread its vicious tentacles throughout the world and
mercilessly punish those who do not accept strict Koranic interpretation.
ISIS’s brutal onslaught on the Yazidi people is an example of ISIS’s dangerous
proclivity towards those whom it considers “infidels”.
Propaganda
of ISIS:
As
mentioned earlier, one of the most intriguing aspects of ISIS is its
involvement in social media to connect with people across the world in order to
popularize its tenets and radicalize its sympathizers. In fact, much of its
human resources have come into its influence through its rather advanced
propagandist strategy. The outfit runs accounts on popular social media
platforms like facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp, etc. It has recruited individuals,
who are good at handling such operations and creating creative and influential
content online that will draw interests of people. It is not uncommon to come
across ISIS videos, magazines (Dabiq), pictures, etc.
In
a report it was stated that ISIS has been using women recruits to connect with
females online and influence them in joining the group. ISIS has changed the
traditional strategy of sending out its soldiers to target countries to attack
them. What it does now is to radicalize individuals through online medium and
persuade them to take up arms and attack their domestic country. Thus, the
countries are left in a quagmire as they do not have only look out for foreign
transgress but also terrorism plots brewing within national borders.
Presence
of ISIS:
ISIS
has grown as an International terrorist outfit, with members affiliated to it
from different parts of the world including nations like the United States, the
United Kingdom, France, etc. ISIS has a very strong presence in Iraq and Syria,
with Al-Raqqa in Syria declared as its de facto capital. Lately, it has set up
official branches in countries like Pakistan, Algeria, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia,
etc. In Afghanistan, Khorasan province was set up in the year 2015, with Hafiz
Saeed Khan as its administrator. The province has presented an unconditional
loyalty to the ISIS by accepting Baghdadi as the caliph.
In
Yemen, which is currently indulged in a political turmoil involving Shia
Houthis, is a prominent region where ISIL enjoys presence. It however sees
Houthis as its prime enemy in the region. In western Africa, the leadership of
Boko Haram has accepted Baghdadi as the Caliph and showed allegiance to the
ISIS outfit. Following the lines is the leader of Isnilon Totoni Hapilon
(an outfit based in Philippines) who has pledged loyalty to ISIS. It is evident
that ISIS is winning over regional terrorist outfits, particularly from
middle-east and African regions and this is a dangerous sign.
Administration
of ISIS:
If
you think ISIS is a mere outfit with no proper agenda, you need to revise your
thoughts. ISIS is not just an organization, with sporadic expanse and limited
aspirations. Recently, leaked dossier shows that ISIS plans to create a city,
where it would impose its strict Islamic tenets and authority. The dossier
reveals a detailed account of the proposed administration system, trade and
commerce facilities, establishment of schools of doctrinarian, etc. Thus, ISIS
is not only planning to kill. Nevertheless, the current administration of ISIS
differs from what has been proposed.
As
far as leadership of the outfit is concerned, it is Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, who
enjoys the unbridled power of administration and decision-making. He has
declared himself the rightful successor of Prophet Mohammad and claimed that he
has unbridled authority over all the Muslims of the world. ISIS has recently
declared that it plans to mint gold, copper, and silver coins, which were once
part of an ancient Islamic system. However, many scholars and experts doubt the
efficacy of such proposed monetary system.
Militants
or Mujahideen are venerable sections of ISIS and taking advantage of this, ISIS
often outfit invites people with the promise that they would be assigned a
place in the coveted section but eventually force them to do daily chores. Many
recruits have claimed that they were tricked into joining the outfit and forced
to do regular work. As far as women are concerned, the outfit imposes strict
rules on them and believes that the only purpose a woman serves is the purpose
of serving her husband and family.
Military
power of the ISIS:
Without
its military power, ISIS is just an abominable name. The outfit has
successfully managed to recruit a large number of individuals and surprisingly,
the majority of such individuals come from foreign countries. A UN report
stated that the strength of ISIS military comprises majorly foreign fighters,
from over 80 countries. There has been a significant increase in the influx of
younger population in the organization.
Estimates
show that Tunisian recruits form the majority of the bulk, followed by Saudi
recruits, then Russian, then Jordanian and so on. Approximately 600 fighters
are from the United Kingdom. Foreign fighters in the outfit are distinguished
from Syrian and Iraqi fighters and are only given food and housing but no
wages.
Weaponry:
Traditional
form of weaponry and modes of attack are still prevalent in the outfit. Much of
the weaponry comes from Saddam Hussein’s Iraqi stock maintained during the
invasion of Iraq and the Syrian Civil War. The weaponry includes missiles,
armors, guns, etc. As far as unconventional methods are concerned, suicide
bombers have become fashionable methods. Other than suicide bombers, ISIS has
stock of chemical weapons as well. As far as nuclear weapons are concerned,
agencies believe that ISIS lacks enough resources and technical intelligence to
develop nuclear weapons but concerns remain over procurement of such weapons by
means of bribing officials of certain nations.
Financial
assistance to ISIS:
So
far as financing is concerned, ISIS has explored many options to ensure that
its kitty remains wealthy. The outfit generates revenue by way of extortion,
harsh taxation, robbing and vandalizing cultural sites, kidnapping, donations
from certain Gulf States, and social media networks. The financial status of
ISIS is huge as it is the richest Jihadi outfit in the world. Al-Raqqah, the de
facto capital of ISIS, has heavy amounts of oil reserves and US officials claim
that ISIS earns millions every day for export of oil. In fact, much of the
financial assistance comes from sale and export of oil.
Human
Rights violation of ISIS:
The
size and power of ISIS do not generate as many worries as its brutal and
violent methods of dealing with so-called “infidels”. ISIS is responsible for
war crimes, with primary victims being women and children in the affected
areas. ISIS undertakes to behead of captives and circulating videos of the
same, killing men and raping women, and compulsive conversion. It is
particularly violent towards Shia Muslims, Alawites, Yazidis, Mandeans, etc.
Thus, it is actively engaged in ethnic cleaning.
Sexual
violence is prominent in the regime, with thousands of women enslaved in ISIS
camps. Many women have lost their husbands to ISIS, which forces them to marry
its soldiers. Violence is prevalent in the camps. What ISIS calls “Sexual
Jihad” has become an everyday affair of the regime. It has become clear that
the world is facing a dangerous situation, where it must immediately act. The
effects of ISIS on the world are palpable with recent Paris and California
attacks and thus, have become signs of extreme concern. World leaders have come
together to operate air strikes in the ISIS’s territories but they have to come
up with a even more robust plan, as air strikes do not produce desired effects.
ISIS
Full Form: Institute for Science and International Security
Full
Form of ISIS stands for Institute for Science
and International Security. Institute for Science and International
Security, hereinafter referred to as by the abbreviated form ISIS, is a
non-governmental institution that is nonprofit in nature. Its role is to
apprise the common public about the important scientific and policy matters
that directly or indirectly affect the entire international security regime.
The institution was founded in the year 1993 by a group of eminent
personalities headed by the former nuclear inspector at the United Nations
International Atomic Energy Agency (Abbreviated as IAEA), David Albright.
The
purpose of founding the ISIS was to instill an obligation on the part of the
scientific community that they are important participants in matters involving
national and international security. The focus areas of the ISIS is in four
areas namely, prevention of the use of nuclear weapons; to promote the need for
greater transparency in the development of nuclear arms and related technology;
to strengthen the much desired non-proliferation regime; and lastly, to reduce
the number of nuclear arms in circulation or development.
The
Board of the ISIS is a key group that undertakes important decisions directed
at the administration of the institution. The following are the members of the
board namely, David Albright , who is the current Chairman or President of the
Institute; John Redick, who belongs to the Charlottesville-Albemarle Community
Foundation; Corey Hinderstein, whose popularity stems from the Nuclear
Threat Initiative; Steven Aftergood, who is a part of the Federation of
American Scientists and finally Michael Rietz, who is the Treasurer of the
Institute. All these aforementioned personalities have carved their names in
the international arena and are well-known for their contributions.
The
ISIS has received much acclaim for its endeavors. The chairman David Albright
has been honored with the prestigious Joseph A. Burton Award given by the
American Physical Society, which is actually a well known society of American
Physicists. Mr. David has been cited for his major contributions to the goal of
reduction of dependency on nuclear arsenals. Thus, ISIS has been doing a great
job by participating in the international security regime and the world is a
witness to all of it.
Full
Form of ISIS: Intermediate System to Intermediate System
ISIS
Full Form stands for Intermediate System
to Intermediate System. Also known by its popular abbreviated forms ISIS or
IS-IS, this topic shall enlighten the readers about a routing protocol which
most of us are unaware of. Intermediate System to Intermediate System refers to
a routing protocol that is designed for the purpose of transferring information
and data efficiently within a particular computer network. This routing
protocol achieves this task of efficient transfer by ascertaining the best
possible route through, what technically called, packet-switched network.
ISIS
was designed as an international standard within the Open Systems
Interconnection (abbreviated as OSI) reference design. It has been defined in
ISO/IEC 10589:2002. The ISIs or IS-IS has been named as the de facto
standard and has been used in large computer networks. Let us discuss the
history behind the development of this routing protocol. ISIS was designed by
Digital Equipment Corporation as a segment of DECnet Phase V. In the year 1992,
the ISIS was declared a standard by ISO and was applicable for communication
among networks, which shall be referred to as Intermediate Systems. The
development of ISIS was simultaneous with that of the Internet Engineering Task
Force (abbreviated as IETF).
ISIS
Full Form: International Species Information System
Full
Form of ISIS refers to International Species
Information System. The segment will enlighten the readers about an
important organization that undertakes some of the very important functions.
International Species Information System, hereinafter referred to as by its
abbreviated form ISIS, is a non-profit international organization that provides
services to about 800 zoos and various aquariums situated across 80 countries
of the world. The organization is tasked with the purpose of providing its affiliated
members with key zoological data through a specially designed software called
the Zoological Information Management System (abbreviated form being ZIMS).
The
software hosts a large collection on zoological information, which is shareable
with the members of the organization. As per the records for the year 2013, the
software hosts data on about 12, 490 taxonomies at distinct species levels.
With the help of the biological information such as parentage, sex, death
information, etc the members are able to access relevant information and manage
their animal collection.
Founded
in the year 1973, the organization has been steadily gearing towards the
achievement of its goals, which largely circle around wild animal conservation
and protection. The organization does not have any governmental control or
political affiliation and this makes it one of the most credible organizations
of the world. Like ZIMS, there are other specialized softwares that help the
administration of the ISIS. Some of the software have been mentioned in the
following paragraphs.
- EGGS, which is an egg clutch
management software that maintains records on egg laying species.
- ARKS4, which stands for Animal
Records Keeping System. The system is responsible for allowing affiliated
members to contribute information from their database.
- SPARKS., which stands for
Single Population Analysis & Records Keeping System. The system
provides support to the studbook management and analysis of various
species.
- MedARKS, which stands for
Medical Animal Records Keeping System, is a facility available to the
members only upon request. The system hosts records on veterinary medical
data.
- LearnZIMS, which can be
understood as an educational variety of ZIMS. The system is available to
those organizations that conduct lessons on animal husbandry, aquarium and
zoo science.
It
is quite apparent that the ISIS is engaged in a crucial activity pertaining to
conservation of zoological and aquatic spices, which are fundamental to the
ecosystem.
Full
Form of ISIS: International Spinal Intervention Society
ISIS
Full Form refers to International Spinal
Intervention Society. The discussion will apprise the readers about an
important society that discharges some of the very important functions that you
must know about. The International Spinal Intervention Society is now known as
the Spine Intervention Society (abbreviated as SIS). The Society has been
actively engaged in the development and promotion of high quality standards
relating to practices of interventional procedures in cases of diagnosis and
curing of spinal pain. The society is lead by some of the most talented and
well renowned physicians who have worked immensely in promotion of public and
professional awareness about such interventional methods in practice.
The
society has more than 3000 members and it comprises persons from different
specialties such as Rehabilitation, Neurology, Medicine, etc. Let us now look
into the history behind the foundation of the society. It all happened in the
year 1988 when a small group, after having attended a spine meeting held in San
Antonio, decided to craft a study group that will be aimed at the advancement
and promotion of spine interventional procedures. The group named themselves
the Needle Jockey Club. The founding members were Bogduk, Derby Aprill, and
Tibiletti.
All
the founding members of the group were doctors. In the year 1991, the name of
the group had been already changed to the International Spinal Injection
Society and in that same year, the first newsletter of the society was
published. The newsletter published some important information about the
procedures. In the year 1992, the society organized its first ever workshop as
well as a meeting, promoting educational information. The name of the
organization changed again in the year 2000. The society published its
Statement of Purpose which declares the International Spinal Injection Society
as association of doctors and physicians.
ISIS
Full Form: Institute for the Study of Interdisciplinary Studies
Full
Form of ISIS refers to Institute for the
Study of Interdisciplinary Studies. Under this segment, what we shall
discuss something which is of great value. Though the institute we are
referring to has been dissolved, the importance of the institute still remains
and that is why we have the Institute for the Study of Interdisciplinary
Studies, also known as by its abbreviated form ISIS, as our topic of
discussion.
The
Institute for the Study of Interdisciplinary Studies, hereinafter it shall be
referred to as ISIS, is a former British Educational charity that was
established in the year 1985. The foundation happened with the efforts of a
group of researchers, who were formerly associated with the Society for the
Interdisciplinary Studies (abbreviated as SIS). The original aim of the
foundation of the institute was to assess and analyze the certain revisionist
theories of the famous Immanuel Velikovsky.
The
primary objective of the ISIS is to facilitate healthy discussion on the
history of the world. It wanted to bring together learned persons from across
the globe and from different fields of studies to pool in their understanding
and knowledge on certain issues relevant to the history of the ancient era. The
institute derives its name from one of the major goddesses of the ancient
Egypt, Isis, though there are certain disputes regarding this as well but we
shall not dwell on them in this discussion.
In
its functioning days, the institute had garnered a lot of international
attention and many scholars from different countries participated in the
discussions organized by the institute. Those scholars who were working on
areas such as radiocarbon dating, ancient history, and other forms of dating
were key participants. Many research scholars visited and studied in the institute.
The Institute gained momentum under the leadership of David Rohl, who promoted
diverse approaches towards understanding of the history of ancient era.
The
institute however could maintain its status for long and met with many
controversies. Take for example, the publication New Chronology, which was
published in the year 1995 created a lot of controversies which forced the
institute to re assess the publication. There were many prominent lectures
conducted in the institute however they could not help the institute maintain
its presence in the society. Unfortunately, the once cherished institute met a
demise in the year 2005 in which it was officially dissolved.
Full
Form of ISIS: International Satellites for Ionospheric Studies
ISIS
Full Form stands for International
Satellites for Ionospheric Studies. If you like learning about space and
related technologies, then this segment shall be of particular interest to you,
as we would be discussing about satellites. The name of the satellites in
discussion is the International Satellites for Ionospheric Studies, which are
also referred to as by their acronyms ISIS. The International Satellites for
Ionospheric Studies, which shall now be referred to as ISIS throughout the
article, were the third and fourth satellites that were put to launch as a part
of the launch of a series of Canadian satellites. These satellites were
launched for the purpose of facilitating study of Ionoshpere.
When
the launch of the Canadian Alouette 1 happened, the country along with the United
States of America, decided to collaborate in a program which is famously known
as the ISIS program. The program involved the launch of three more satellites.
The first of three satellites was named as Alouette 2 and the other three were
ISIS 1 and ISIS 2. ISIS 1 was launched in the year 1969 with the help of Delta
Rocket at Vandenberg situated in California. However, in the year 1984, Canada
stopped using the ISIS 1 but authorized Japan to use it. Japan used the
satellite until the year 1990.
ISIS
2 was also launched by the Delta Rocket from the same location as that of the
ISIS 1. The launch, however, happened in the year 1971. Because there was a
shortage of budget, the design of the ISIS 2 was kept pretty much similar to
that of the ISIS 1. It must have become patent that the launch of satellites
was crucial to the Canada’s space program, however, due to certain lags and
financial constraints the country did not continue with the program for long.
This nevertheless a finds a mention for our discussion.